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"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"45"},["name","Publisher"],["description","An entity responsible for making the resource available"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8648"},["text","New York Times"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"44"},["name","Language"],["description","A language of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8649"},["text","English"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8650"},["text","New York Times database"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"68","public":"1","featured":"0"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"284"},["text","Harold Roberts, Youth's Companion Staff Member, Dies"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"285"},["text","1953-08-29"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"51"},["name","Type"],["description","The nature or genre of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"286"},["text","Newspaper Article"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8645"},["text","Harold Roberts, a fellow Youth Companion staff member, passed away on August 28, 1952. Significantly, he testified to Bellamy's authorship of the Pledge. From a New York Times article August 29, 1953.  "]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"72","public":"1","featured":"0"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"296"},["text","Revised \"Pledge\" Gains Support"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"297"},["text","1954-05-26"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"51"},["name","Type"],["description","The nature or genre of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"298"},["text","Newspaper Article"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8646"},["text","In 1954, the House Judiciary Committee took up the issue of changing the wording of the pledge to introduce the phrase \"one nation, under God, indivisible, with liberty and justice for all.\" From a New York Times article May 26, 1954. "]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"76","public":"1","featured":"0"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. 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He feared that required recital \\&quot;presented the danger that the pledge of allegiance and the salute would become 'habitual' and 'lose the dignity and patriotic ferfor which it is intended to engender.'\\&quot; From a New York Times article on April 30, 1955. &quot;}\" data-sheets-userformat=\"{&quot;2&quot;:4995,&quot;3&quot;:[null,0],&quot;4&quot;:[null,2,16777215],&quot;10&quot;:2,&quot;11&quot;:4,&quot;12&quot;:0,&quot;15&quot;:&quot;arial,sans,sans-serif&quot;}\"><span>The governor of New York vetoed a measure requiring school children to salute the flag every day at school. He feared that required recital \"presented the danger that the pledge of allegiance and the salute would become 'habitual' and 'lose the dignity and patriotic ferfor which it is intended to engender.'\" From a </span><em>New York Times</em><span> article on April 30, 1955.&nbsp;</span></span>"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"78","public":"1","featured":"0"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"314"},["text","Pledge Author Named"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"315"},["text","1957-09-13"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"51"},["name","Type"],["description","The nature or genre of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"316"},["text","Newspaper Article"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8639"},["text","\"A Library of Congress report said today that evidence about the disputed authorship of the pledge of allegiance to the flag is overwhelminly in favor of the late Francis Bellamy.\" From a New York Times article dated September 13, 1957.&nbsp;"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"44"},["name","Language"],["description","A language of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8640"},["text","English"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"80","public":"1","featured":"0"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"320"},["text","Rights Clause Proposed In Pledge of Allegiance"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"321"},["text","1963-08-30"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"51"},["name","Type"],["description","The nature or genre of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"322"},["text","Newspaper Article"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8642"},["text","Rep. James Fulston of Pennsylvania introduced a resolution to a <a href=\"/items/show/80\" target=\"_blank\">\"civil rights clause\"</a> to the Pledge of Allegiance, which would read as follows: \"I pledge allegiance to the flag of the United States of America and to the republic for which it stands, one nation, under God, indivisible, with liberty, <em>equality of opportunity and equal justice under law for all.\"&nbsp;</em>From a New York Times article August 30, 1963."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"44"},["name","Language"],["description","A language of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8643"},["text","English"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8644"},["text","New York Times quotation"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"88","public":"1","featured":"0"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"344"},["text","Schools Here Try 'Nazi-Type' Salute"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"345"},["text","1937-03-09"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"51"},["name","Type"],["description","The nature or genre of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"346"},["text","Newspaper Article"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8580"},["text","A New York Times article from March 9, 1937, describes students engaged in a Nazi-style salute of the flag. <br /><br />\r\n<div class=\"index_article_subtitle_list\">\r\n<div class=\"index_article_subtitle\"><strong>\"Row Raised Over New Pledge to Flag With Extended Arm—Principals Assail Idea</strong></div>\r\n<div class=\"index_divide_line\"></div>\r\n</div>\r\n<div class=\"index_article_lede\">\"A new type of flag salute, recommended by the State Department of Education and submitted to the principals through a circular issued by Harold G. Campbell, Superintendent of Schools, has brought confusion and uncertainty as to the proper method of pledging allegiance to the American flag, it was learned yesterday.\"</div>\r\n<br /><br />See the partial article at <a href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/1937/03/09/archives/schools-here-try-nazitype-salute-row-raised-over-new-pledge-to-flag.html\" target=\"_blank\">NYTimes.com</a>."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"45"},["name","Publisher"],["description","An entity responsible for making the resource available"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8581"},["text","New York  Times"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"37"},["name","Contributor"],["description","An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8582"},["text","Mace, Emily"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"47"},["name","Rights"],["description","Information about rights held in and over the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8583"},["text","Full access restricted without individual or institutional subscription"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8584"},["text","<a href=\"https://www.nytimes.com/1937/03/09/archives/schools-here-try-nazitype-salute-row-raised-over-new-pledge-to-flag.html\" target=\"_blank\">https://www.nytimes.com/1937/03/09/archives/schools-here-try-nazitype-salute-row-raised-over-new-pledge-to-flag.html</a>"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"94","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"2197"},["src","https://mail.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/775fb8bb03c547aee319f4f194c5f0ac.jpg"],["authentication","9f0096b094a27b5982a67969c45f9ab0"]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"362"},["text","Francis M. Bellamy, Patriotic Writer, Dies "]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"363"},["text","August 30, 1931"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"51"},["name","Type"],["description","The nature or genre of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"364"},["text","Newspaper Article"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8402"},["text","New York Times obituary of Francis M. Bellamy, author of the original Pledge of Allegiance, dated August 30, 1931"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"39"},["name","Creator"],["description","An entity primarily responsible for making the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8403"},["text","New York Times"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"45"},["name","Publisher"],["description","An entity responsible for making the resource available"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8404"},["text","New York Times"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"37"},["name","Contributor"],["description","An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8405"},["text","Mace, Emily"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"42"},["name","Format"],["description","The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8406"},["text","Digitized newspaper article"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"44"},["name","Language"],["description","A language of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8407"},["text","English"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"97","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"98"},["src","https://mail.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/5d883624478c59cb941e7fe807917e5c.pdf"],["authentication","e8393dea4d17c3ed85b2db27372024cd"]],["file",{"fileId":"2189"},["src","https://mail.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/34c4cc4fc96a69568b932dc310d692e3.jpg"],["authentication","d78bace7bd3bd9ad522cecbe03a5fb53"]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. 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Headline: \"Celebration Begun at Chicago Under Auspicious Conditions. Distinguished visitors attended the inaugural reception - exercises in the public schools - strong demand for a night parade - decorations, crowds, and coming events.\" "]]]],["element",{"elementId":"39"},["name","Creator"],["description","An entity primarily responsible for making the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8390"},["text","New York Times"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"45"},["name","Publisher"],["description","An entity responsible for making the resource available"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8391"},["text","New York Times"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"37"},["name","Contributor"],["description","An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8392"},["text","Mace, Emily"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"42"},["name","Format"],["description","The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8393"},["text",".jpg and .pdf"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"44"},["name","Language"],["description","A language of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8394"},["text","English"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"98","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"99"},["src","https://mail.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/1f8669308fcd5d5242547e6756002a18.pdf"],["authentication","9aa0ec2e98910d0a23787db2704e60c1"]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"374"},["text","Celebrated Columbian Day"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"375"},["text","1892-07-28"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"51"},["name","Type"],["description","The nature or genre of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"376"},["text","Newspaper Article"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"99","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"100"},["src","https://mail.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/2f98189c0075e63d81d0ab43e7ccc20b.pdf"],["authentication","dbef61caa72be992f7d6b0ab2879f855"]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"377"},["text","Joint Resolution by Congress regarding Pledge of Allegiance Customs"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"378"},["text","1954-06-14"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"51"},["name","Type"],["description","The nature or genre of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"379"},["text","Congressional Record"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8602"},["text","The 1954 amendment to the Pledge of Allegiance, as signed into law by President Eisenhower in Joint Resolution 243, brings the full addition of \"under God\" into the Pledge of Allegiance and heralds the era of issues between religion and state."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"39"},["name","Creator"],["description","An entity primarily responsible for making the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8603"},["text","United States Congress"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"44"},["name","Language"],["description","A language of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8604"},["text","English"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"100","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"101"},["src","https://mail.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/2ef847f7e5dbf8bc073c97bce1d32c4b.pdf"],["authentication","b21cee009a1c9e076fb0382c35d1df3b"]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"380"},["text","Congress absorbs cost of printing Pledge of Allegiance song"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"381"},["text","1956-07-21"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"51"},["name","Type"],["description","The nature or genre of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"382"},["text","Congressional Record"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8605"},["text","Congress absorbs the costs of printing 24,500 copies of the song \"Pledge of Allegiance,\" 22,000 copies of which are set aside for use by the House of Representatives. "]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"101","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"102"},["src","https://mail.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/5eca24ead301df7d126a5f7227801624.pdf"],["authentication","1aee27d92712b0780ccfdec71c7c6987"]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"383"},["text","Joint Congressional Resolution Removing Copyright Restrictions from Pledge of Allegiance Song"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"384"},["text","1960-09-13"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"51"},["name","Type"],["description","The nature or genre of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"385"},["text","Congressional record"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8606"},["text","Resolved by the Senate and House of Representatives of the United States of America in Congress assembled, That the musical composition \"Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag\", covered by copyright EU399400, granted to Irving Caesar on June 3, 1955.... is hereby declared to be in the public domain.\" "]]]],["element",{"elementId":"39"},["name","Creator"],["description","An entity primarily responsible for making the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8607"},["text","United States Congress"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8608"},["text","Public Law 86-748"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"106","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"107"},["src","https://mail.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/ad8a53a0de7e631a0089ee7a45a06d01.pdf"],["authentication","7a6a5afb943c0494cefb9561bc3d3c84"]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"398"},["text","Proclamation - Loyalty Day (Reagan)"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"399"},["text","1985-04-15"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"51"},["name","Type"],["description","The nature or genre of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"400"},["text","Congressional Record"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8623"},["text","President Reagan's proclamation of this date as Loyalty Day takes inspiration from the Pledge of Allegiance. "]]]],["element",{"elementId":"39"},["name","Creator"],["description","An entity primarily responsible for making the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8624"},["text","United States Congress"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"44"},["name","Language"],["description","A language of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8625"},["text","English"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"108","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"109"},["src","https://mail.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/5bc35eff4c8fe0f13e85165031af3fa2.pdf"],["authentication","29033e3bfaf9f89e8e4724c897603832"]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"404"},["text","Proclamation - Citizenship Day and Constitution Week"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"405"},["text","1987-08-13"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"51"},["name","Type"],["description","The nature or genre of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"406"},["text","Congressional Record"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8619"},["text","He declares that the week between September 17, 1989, and September 23, 1989, will constitute Citizenship Day and Constitution Week. "]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"109","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"110"},["src","https://mail.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/fce6883f2789eec16fcc310c4e523e29.pdf"],["authentication","6e1015ca905f886da834596f6b281b42"]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"407"},["text","Proclamation - National Pledge of Allegiance Day"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"408"},["text","1989-08-15"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"51"},["name","Type"],["description","The nature or genre of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"409"},["text","Congressional Record"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"110","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"111"},["src","https://mail.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/a39e153fbf19e09d30a16354617e75b1.pdf"],["authentication","cd9440633d2044062f3ffe3195e526da"]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"410"},["text","Presidential Proclamation - Loyalty Day 1991"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"411"},["text","1991-04-22"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"51"},["name","Type"],["description","The nature or genre of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"412"},["text","Congressional Record"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8614"},["text","George Bush Sr. declares May 1, 1991, as Loyalty Day, calling upon \"all Americans to observe that day with appropriate ceremonies in their homes, in schools, and in other suitable places.\" The proclamation quotes from the Pledge of Allegiance."]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"111","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"112"},["src","https://mail.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/247d664dcac64b58f0e01ce0885793b3.pdf"],["authentication","f92eeb2206860a031fdf36cacf595880"]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"413"},["text","Concurrent Resolution - \"Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag\" Song by Irving Caesar to be Printed"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"414"},["text","1955-07-29"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"51"},["name","Type"],["description","The nature or genre of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"415"},["text","Congressional Record"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8615"},["text","The song \"Pledge of Allegiance to the Flag\" by Irving Caesar will be printed, according to this Congressional record."]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"113","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"120"},["src","https://mail.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/1a70bcbf7ac392044a708d6f1d380ca1.jpg"],["authentication","625572be38247e14deb087643e6de030"]],["file",{"fileId":"196"},["src","https://mail.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/1558788510bdd5246c631823c8914a84.png"],["authentication","bd0d6c75938f0626948cecc782f5bd00"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"3"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"163"},["text","Charnley-Persky House Archaeological Project"]]]]]]]],["itemType",{"itemTypeId":"6"},["name","Still Image"],["description","A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials."]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"419"},["text","An advertisement for The Consumers Company (1913), and a photograph of a porcelain bottle stopper from the company's Hydrox table water. "]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"421"},["text","n.a. (1913). The Reform Advocate 45(1): 696."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"45"},["name","Publisher"],["description","An entity responsible for making the resource available"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"604"},["text","University of Michigan Publishing (advertisement)\r\nRyan J. Cook (photograph)"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"47"},["name","Rights"],["description","Information about rights held in and over the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"620"},["text","Public Domain (advertisement)\r\nRyan J. Cook (photograph)"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"115","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"117"},["src","https://mail.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/a8d8191b67cb33a6df2db9ad549b3aec.jpg"],["authentication","bf167c5c67442898c4d7bdb7899d9117"],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"3264"},["text","Jane Addams: Chicago's Pacifist"]]]]]]]]],["itemType",{"itemTypeId":"6"},["name","Still Image"],["description","A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials."]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"422"},["text","Portrait of Jane Addams"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"423"},["text","Jane Addams, taken c. 1895"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"424"},["text","Hajo, Cathy M. \"Jane Addams’ 1894 Thanksgiving Challenge.\" The Jane Addams Papers Project. \r\n\r\nRampo College of New Jersey, 22 Nov. 2015. \r\nhttp://janeaddams.ramapo.edu/author/jappadmin/page/2/\r\nWeb. 02 Aug. 2016.\r\n"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1417"},["text","1895-01-01"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"42"},["name","Format"],["description","The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"8482"},["text","Digitized image in .jpg fpormat"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"117","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"121"},["src","https://mail.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/c495cf64f6daf34d66d1c50ae4ee33ba.jpg"],["authentication","454bb4b35886a4f17f639c2cc9b30b51"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"16"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2101"},["text","Jane Addams General"]]]]]]]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"429"},["text","Social Regeneration, December 7, 1903 (summary)"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"430"},["text","The Chicago Daily Tribune, summarizes Addams' talk to the Chicago Bureau of Charities on the morality of charity."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"39"},["name","Creator"],["description","An entity primarily responsible for making the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"431"},["text","Addams, Jane"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"432"},["text","\"Babies Keep Them Poor\" Chicago Daily Tribune, December 7, 1903, p. 9. "]]]],["element",{"elementId":"45"},["name","Publisher"],["description","An entity responsible for making the resource available"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"433"},["text","Chicago Daily Tribune"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"47"},["name","Rights"],["description","Information about rights held in and over the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"434"},["text","Public Domain."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1418"},["text","1903"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"118","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"279"},["src","https://mail.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/207c5b18e6e8d44742e2f16803fc9aa1.jp2"],["authentication","347c8063674ae749fadd87a50d30bb7a"]],["file",{"fileId":"122"},["src","https://mail.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/d3f31864bd2c5c60e8964878a1f72d2e.jpg"],["authentication","15b0347e4f463c907d57c0333c264195"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"3"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"163"},["text","Charnley-Persky House Archaeological Project"]]]]]]]],["itemType",{"itemTypeId":"6"},["name","Still Image"],["description","A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials."]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"435"},["text","E. H. Sargent "]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"436"},["text","1852-present\r\nE. H. Sargent was established in 1852; a bottle embossed with the company’s name was found at the Charnley-Persky House in 2010. In 1875, Sargent began marketing through a catalog, the first recorded mail order solicitation for laboratory supplies; a page from their 1910 catalog is below. In 1968, Sargent combined with Welch Scientific Company, becoming Sargent-Welch Scientific Company, which is still in business today.  \r\nRRH"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"47"},["name","Rights"],["description","Information about rights held in and over the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"953"},["text","Public Domain (page from catalog)\r\nRyan J. Cook (photograph)\r\n"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"119","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"123"},["src","https://mail.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/0e29acd2cb123eb1f5956da121808a83.jpg"],["authentication","48f03ded19721a341d42fd07e7100a56"]]],["collection",{"collectionId":"16"},["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"2101"},["text","Jane Addams General"]]]]]]]],["itemType",{"itemTypeId":"6"},["name","Still Image"],["description","A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials."]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"49"},["name","Subject"],["description","The topic of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"437"},["text","Jane Addams"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"438"},["text","Jane Addams Portrait"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"120","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"124"},["src","https://mail.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/6f955656e82af4949b02aed1ce83a6f6.jpg"],["authentication","98337a785a867f6681c32cb2607e5714"]]],["itemType",{"itemTypeId":"6"},["name","Still Image"],["description","A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials."]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"439"},["text","Jane Addams, c. 1864"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"45"},["name","Publisher"],["description","An entity responsible for making the resource available"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"440"},["text","The Jane Addams Collection, Swarthmore College Peace Collection"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"47"},["name","Rights"],["description","Information about rights held in and over the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"441"},["text","All photographs are the property of the Swarthmore College Peace Collection. "]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1416"},["text","1864-01-01"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"121","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"125"},["src","https://mail.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/28e2d92fabc91851bd818a5eb06b6355.jpg"],["authentication","d9a4e07a56d888f6c05efd4ff0ec73b7"]]],["itemType",{"itemTypeId":"6"},["name","Still Image"],["description","A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials."]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"442"},["text","Jane Addams at Rockford College, 1880"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"443"},["text","Jane Addams at Rockford College, 1880"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"444"},["text","The Jane Addams Collection, the Swarthmore College Peace Collection"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"47"},["name","Rights"],["description","Information about rights held in and over the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"445"},["text","All photographs are the property of the Swarthmore College Peace Collection."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1419"},["text","1880-01-01"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"122","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"126"},["src","https://mail.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/6b8ea9ea790205b973ca0bdb43bc3fef.jpg"],["authentication","6851197d6a079bb8c509fbacb628a87e"]]],["itemType",{"itemTypeId":"6"},["name","Still Image"],["description","A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials."]],["elementSetContainer",["elementSet",{"elementSetId":"1"},["name","Dublin Core"],["description","The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/."],["elementContainer",["element",{"elementId":"50"},["name","Title"],["description","A name given to the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"446"},["text","Toynbee Hall, c. 1902."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"49"},["name","Subject"],["description","The topic of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"447"},["text","Toynbee Hall (London, England)"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"41"},["name","Description"],["description","An account of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"448"},["text","Toynbee Hall, c. 1902."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"48"},["name","Source"],["description","A related resource from which the described resource is derived"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"449"},["text","The World Today Magazine, April 1902"]]]],["element",{"elementId":"47"},["name","Rights"],["description","Information about rights held in and over the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"450"},["text","Public Domain."]]]],["element",{"elementId":"40"},["name","Date"],["description","A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource"],["elementTextContainer",["elementText",{"elementTextId":"1420"},["text","1902-04-01"]]]]]]]],["item",{"itemId":"123","public":"1","featured":"0"},["fileContainer",["file",{"fileId":"127"},["src","https://mail.digitalchicagohistory.org/files/original/2bdccba46768230e5ca81305d51518ad.jpg"],["authentication","83666ebd960536a2c93d726bed259c25"]]],["itemType",{"itemTypeId":"6"},["name","Still Image"],["description","A static visual representation. 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