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                <text>Archduke Franz Ferdinand is Assassinated</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://www.firstworldwar.com/source/harrachmemoir.htm" target="_blank"&gt;&lt;span&gt;Archduke Franz Ferdinand&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt;, the heir apparent to the Austro-Hungarian empire, and his wife Sophie Chotek, are assassinated by Serb nationalist, 19 year-old Gavrilo Princip, an agent of the Serbia-based hypernationalist group the Black Hand. A secret military society, the Black Hand is led by Dragutin Dimitrijević (a.k.a. Apis), a captain in the Serbian army. The assassination is the spark that ingnites the Great War. Germany encourages Austria-Hungary to undertake harsh reprisal against Serbia. Russia commits to the defense of Serbia should Austria-Hungary invade. Germany warns Russia not to intervene once Austria-Hungary invades Serbia, or face war with Germany. France signals its commitment to its ally Russia should Germany attack.&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;p&gt;“Heir to Austria's Throne is Slain with His Wife by a Bosnian Youth to Avenge Seizure of His Country.” &lt;i&gt;The New York Times&lt;/i&gt;: 29 Jun. 1914, vol. LXIII no. 20,610: 1. The New York Times Company. &lt;i&gt;NYTimes Search&lt;/i&gt;. Web. 5 Jul. 2017.&lt;/p&gt;&#13;
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                <text>The German government extends Austria-Hungary a "blank check"</text>
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                <text>&lt;span&gt;The German government extends Austria-Hungary a &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="https://wwi.lib.byu.edu/index.php/The_%27Blank_Check%27" title="Black Check"&gt;&lt;span&gt;"blank check"&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt; in the event of war between Austria-Hungary and Serbia. German and Austro-Hungarian statesmen recognize that war between Austria-Hungary and Serbia is inevitable, and that the war is likely to widen to include other great powers.&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                <text>1914-07-05</text>
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                <text>Austria-Hungary delivers ultimatum to Serbia</text>
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                <text>&lt;span&gt;Emperor Franz Joseph authorizes harsh &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="https://wwi.lib.byu.edu/index.php/The_Austro-Hungarian_Ultimatum_to_Serbia_(English_translation)%20%20" title="Ulimatium"&gt;terms&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt; against &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="https://serbianfbreporter.wordpress.com/2012/10/12/3105/" title="Serbia"&gt;&lt;span&gt;Serbia&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;&lt;span&gt; with the expectation that the Serbs will reject them, thereby clearing the way for war.&lt;/span&gt;</text>
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                <text>1914-07-23</text>
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                <text>“Austria Ready to Invade Servia, Sends Ultimatum.” The New York Times: 24 Jul. 1914, vol. LXIII no. 20,635: 1, 2. The New York Times Company. NYTimes Search. Web. 5 Jul. 2017.</text>
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                <text>First Battle of the Marne</text>
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                <text>German armies advance toward Paris. Retreating Allied forces regroup and counterattack, striking a major blow to the German First and Second Armies. With one million soldiers engaged in the battle on both sides, the Germans order a controlled retreat to the high ground opposite the Aisne River. German's quest for a quick victory on the Western Front is folied, and four years of &lt;a href="http://firstworldwar.com/battles/marne1.htm" title="The First Battle of the Marne, 1914"&gt;trench warfare&lt;/a&gt; follow.</text>
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                <text>1914-09-07</text>
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                <text>“Approximate Lines of Opposing Forces in France Before the Allies’ Advance Began.” The New York Times: 8 Sep. 1914, vol. LXIII no. 20,681: 1. The New York Times Company. NYTimes Search. Web. 21 Jul. 2017. &lt;br /&gt;&lt;br /&gt;Perris, G. H. “Allies Press Forward.” The New York Times: 9 Sep. 1914, vol. LXIII no. 20,682: 2. The New York Times Company. NYTimes Search. Web. 20 Jul. 2017.</text>
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                <text>&lt;a href="http://www.firstworldwar.com/source/autrohungariandeclarationofwar_serbia.htm" title="Autro-Hungarian Declaration of War" target="_blank"&gt;Austro-Hungarian forces&lt;/a&gt; bombard the Serbian capital Belgrade; Russia declares a mobilization on its border with Austria-Hungary.</text>
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                <text>&lt;div style="text-align: left;"&gt;“Notice Sent to the Powers of the Opening of Hostilities.” The New York Times: 29 Jul. 1914, vol. LXIII no. 20,640: 1. The New York Times Company. NYTimes Search. Web. 6 Jul. 2017.&lt;/div&gt;</text>
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                <text>Germany's Kaiser Wilhelm issues a &lt;a href="http://www.firstworldwar.com/source/willynicky.htm" target="_blank"&gt;"Danger of War" &lt;/a&gt;(Kriegsgefahr) declaration, once step short of a full mobilization of German military forces. Germany issues Russia an ultimatum - either demobilize or face war with Germany.</text>
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                <text>&lt;p style="text-align: left;"&gt;“Kaiser's Blunt Questions to the Czar Extreme Expedient to Avert War.” &lt;i&gt;The New York Times&lt;/i&gt;: 31 Jul. 1914, vol. LXIII no. 20,642: 1. The New York Times Company. &lt;i&gt;NYTimes Search&lt;/i&gt;. Web. 6 Jul. 2017.&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>&lt;span&gt;The German ambassador in Belgium delivers a letter to the Belgian foreign ministry, authorized by General Helmuth von Moltke, calling upon Belgium to either accept German occupation or face war. The Belgian Council of State, with King Albert presiding, rejects the &lt;/span&gt;&lt;a href="http://www.firstworldwar.com/source/belgium_germanrequest.htm"&gt;&lt;span&gt;ultimatum&lt;/span&gt;&lt;span&gt;.&lt;/span&gt;&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>“Ultimatum to Belgium, Must Aid German Troops.” The New York Times: 2 Aug. 1914, vol. LXIII no. 20,645: 1. The New York Times Company. NYTimes Search. Web. 6 Jul. 2017.</text>
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