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                <text>Charnley-Persky House Archaeological Project, Complete Artifact Inventory (2010 and 2015 field seasons)</text>
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                <text>Rebecca S. Graff</text>
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                <text>Please click on the Excel spreadsheet link (.xslx)  above to see the full report of artifacts. </text>
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                <text>Tarant &amp; Co./Johann Hoff Malt Extract</text>
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                <text>1869-1889&#13;
Tarrant &amp; Co. was established in 1834 and formed a partnership with Johann Hoff in 1869. Johann Hoff’s Malt Extract had been marketed as a medicinal tonic since its invention in 1847; Tarrant &amp; Co. became the sole agent for the product in the U.S. Fragments of a bottle of the product were found at the Charnley-Persky House in 2010. Johann Hoff severed all connection with Tarrant &amp; Co. in 1873, but Tarrant &amp; Co. continued to advertise Johann Hoff Malt Extract and sell its imitation product until Johann Hoff sued them in 1889. One of those misleading advertisements is below (1878). &#13;
RRH</text>
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                <text>Van Buskirk's Fragrant Sozodont for the Teeth and Gums</text>
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                <text>1859-early 20th century&#13;
Roswell van Buskirk created his popular Sozodont (from the Greek  “save” and “teeth”) in 1859, advertising its power to improve teeth, gum, and breath (as in the ad below, c. 1900). As early as 1880, dentists began complaining that Sozodont actually destroyed teeth enamel and was in no way beneficial. The product fell out of popularity in the early 20th century. &#13;
RRH</text>
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                <text>J. E. Jeffords</text>
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                <text>1868-?&#13;
John Eliot Jeffords started his pottery in 1868, quickly gaining a reputation for Rockingham, yellowware, and majolica.  An 1888 advertisement for Jeffords Porous Cells is below. The company was around until at least 1904, but it is unclear when it closed. &#13;
RRH</text>
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                <text>1890-?&#13;
Frank Baum developed Eskay’s Albumenized Food for babies needing to gain weight in the last quarter of the 19th-century; in 1890, he was commissioned by the pharmaceutical firm Smith, Kline &amp; French to manufacture the product. An 1899 advertisement for the product is below, and it was available as late as 1918.&#13;
RRH</text>
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                <text>Edward H. Everett Company</text>
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                <text>1885-1904&#13;
Edward Everett started in the glass industry by buying Newark Star Glass, which he renamed after himself in 1885; he sold the company to the Ohio Bottle Company (a corporation he also led) in 1904.&#13;
RRH</text>
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                <text>1888-1904&#13;
Boyd’s Genuine Porcelain Liners were patented in 1869, originally in colorless glass, then milk glass in 1871. Marion Fruit Jar and Bottle Company was one of many glass manufacturers to produce these; the company specialized in fruit jars, bottles, and oil cans (as in the 1893 ad below). Marion was acquired by Ball Brothers in 1904.&#13;
RRH</text>
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                <text>Dinet &amp; Delfosse</text>
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                <text>1891-?&#13;
The Dinet &amp; Delfosse drugstore appears in directories as early as 1891, just three years after its founders, Joseph Delfosse and Henry Dinet, graduated from the University of Illinois. The store spent much of its life in the Columbus Memorial Building (pictured below). The company still had two locations open in 1953, and may have remained open much longer.&#13;
RRH</text>
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                <text>1871-1935&#13;
Gale and Blocki was established in 1871, a reorganization of Gale Brothers wholesale and retail drug enterprise. The druggists also sold White Rock Ginger Ale produced by the White Rock Mineral Spring Company; an early advertisement for the product is below. The company closed in 1935. &#13;
RRH</text>
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                <text>1887-1922&#13;
John Alfred Lomax consolidated his own soda bottling factory with fifteen others in 1887 to form the Chicago Consolidated Bottling Company; an early letterhead of Lomax’s is below. The name of the firm was changed to the Lomax Company in the 1920s, with listings for the Consolidated Bottling Company as late as 1922. &#13;
RRH</text>
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Otto W. Tanke took over Emil Dorner’s drug store at 557 N. Clark St. in 1902, just four years after passing the Board of Pharmacy. In the early 1900s, Tanke established the Lavox Company, manufacturing chemicals, drugs, and toilet articles; a 1911 ad for their shampoo powder is below. Tanke died in 1942 at 67 in Indiana. &#13;
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Emil A. Dorner’s drug store first appears in Chicago records in 1895, located at 557 N. Clark Street; in 1902, Otto W. Tanke took over the store. A bottle from this business was found at the Charnley-Persky House in 2010.&#13;
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David R. Dyche took over his deceased brother’s drug store in 1866; after the 1871 Fire, the store moved to the corner of State &amp; Randolph (pictured below in 1904). After Dyche’s 1893 death, his heirs incorporated the company as D. R. Dyche Drug Company and sold it to a syndicate; it is unclear when the company officially folded. &#13;
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Wilder Pickard established his china company in 1893 in Edgerton, Wisconsin; by 1900, the company had moved to Chicago. The company specialized in hand-painted china, as advertised in the 1907 image below. A piece of a porcelain plate was found at the Charnley-Persky House in 2015.&#13;
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                <text>Canton porcelain refers to a wide range of Chinese export porcelain produced in the Chinese port of Canton (now known as Guangzhou). Generally, Canton porcelain refers to 18th-century to early 20th-century blue and white Chinese porcelains created for the North American export market; the 1920 advertisement below shows how broadly the term was used. The earliest shipment to the U.S. was recorded as 1797. &#13;
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                <text>1880-1949&#13;
Founded in 1880, Zeh, Scherzer &amp; Co. produced a wide range of products, including an exclusive series for Geo. Borgeldt &amp; Co. (advertised in the 1921 image below). In 1949, they began using the name and backmark Scherzer &amp; Co. or Scherzer 1880 because it was easier to produce in other countries. The company closed its doors in 1992.&#13;
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                <text>L. T. Piver</text>
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                <text>1823-present&#13;
Louis Toussaint Piver took over Michel Adam’s perfume company in 1813, renaming the company after himself ten years later. The company was the official purveyor to the court of Louis XVI and to many royal families of Europe and produced a wide variety of products, as shown in the 1876 advertisement below. L. T. Piver is still in business today.&#13;
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                <text>1830-present&#13;
Edouard Pinaud opened his first perfume shop in 1839 in Paris, and the company first appeared in Parisian registered in 1841. The company grew swiftly and was the perfume supplier for Napoleon III and Queen Victoria of England by the 1850s. Pinaud’s emphasized the artistry behind perfume-making (as in the 1902 ad below), and the company still produces perfume today. &#13;
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                <text>1891-present&#13;
Theodore Haviland split from his family company, Haviland &amp; Co., and formed his own china business in 1891. Haviland produced a wide range of china, even expanding into sculpture, advertising in 1916 animal sculptures made by Swiss artist Edouard-Marcel Sandoz (see below). Haviland &amp; Co. closed in 1931, and Theodore Haviland’s company won the rights to Haviland &amp; Co.’s name and backstamps. It is estimated that the company has produced more than 60,000 patterns and is still in business today. &#13;
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                <text>Gordon's Dry Gin</text>
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                <text>1769-present&#13;
Alexander Gordon built his gin distillery in London in 1769; Gordon &amp; Company quickly spread throughout the British Empire (starting 1800), reaching the U.S. and Canada in 1902. The iconic square-faced bottle was introduced in 1904, and in 1911 the company took out two full-page ads in Life Magazine to advertise a slight change in the bottle (see one of them below). Gordon’s is still available today.&#13;
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In 1860, William Carter traded his paper wholesale business for an ink-selling business; at the outbreak of the Civil War, Carter snagged the recipe for ink and glue from his supplier, allowing him to manufacture their own ink. In 1872, John W. Carter bought the ink and adhesives division, establishing Carter, Dinsmore, and Company. By the time of John’s death in 1895, the company was known as The Carter’s Ink Company (advertised in the 1902 image below). In 1976 the company was bought out by Dennison &amp; Co.&#13;
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 Patented in 1873, Phillips’ Milk of Magnesia is still a popular over-the-counter antacid today. Charles Henry Phillips quickly began marketing his combination of hydrate of magnesia with water to create the product, emphasising its safety (as in the 1880 ad below). After Phillips’s death in 1882, his four sons ran the company, incorporating the Charles H. Phillips Company in 1885. The company was sold to Sterling Drug, Inc. in 1923, then again to Bayer Healthcare in 1995.&#13;
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="2009">
                <text>1876-present&#13;
Charles E. Hires Root Beer was initially developed as a medicinal syrup or tonic, but the soft drink quickly became an international hit. While on his honeymoon in 1875, Hires was served a root tea similar to that Native Americans drank, convinced the hostess to give him her recipe, and tweaked it; Hires quickly capitalized on the drink, selling extract to make the drink at home and, later, pre-made bottles of the drink. Hires’s advertising (like the 1894 ad featured below) often featured healthy children, purporting the medicinal and health benefits of drinking root beer.Hires Root Beer Company was bought by Cadbury-Schweppes in 2007, now called Dr Pepper Snapple Group; Hires is still in production today, but its parent company has phased Hires out in many areas in favor of A&amp;W Root Beer. &#13;
RRH</text>
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